岩溶区隧道BIM设计及其应用技术研究
Research on BIM Design and Application Technology for Tunnels in Karst Areas

随着岩溶区隧道建设环境愈发复杂，传统依靠平面图和经验方案的设计方式已难以满足高精度与多领域协作的需求。本文探讨了BIM技术在隧道设计阶段的应用，通过构建统一的数据规范和参数化构件库，实现了地质信息与结构要素的高效集成和更新。在数据预处理方面，采用小波变换降噪和主成分分析优化地质数据质量，并结合反距离加权插值方法填补空白区域，从而构建了能够精确还原复杂地下条件的三维地质模型。此外，通过优化信息交换机制实现了跨平台数据共享，为不同专业团队之间的协作提供了有力支撑。以济南轨道交通7号线科创中心至济北站地铁项目为实证案例，展示了BIM技术在实际工程中的具体应用效果。该方案可一定程度上提升设计准确度，为未来智能化隧道建设提供一些参考。
With increasingly complex environments in karst tunnel construction, traditional methods based on plan views and empirical guidelines are insufficient to meet demands for high precision and multi-field collaboration. This paper explores BIM technology’s application during tunnel design, using unified data standards and parameterized component libraries to achieve efficient integration and updating of geological information and structural elements. In data preprocessing, wavelet denoising and principal component analysis optimize geological data quality, complemented by inverse distance weighted interpolation to fill gaps and construct a 3D geological model accurately reproducing complex underground conditions. Additionally, optimizing information exchange mechanisms enables cross-platform data sharing, supporting collaboration among diverse professional teams. A case study of the Metro Project from the Sci-Tech Center to JiBei Station on Line 7 of Jinan’s Urban Rail Transit illustrates BIM’s practical application effects in real projects. This approach enhances design accuracy and provides references for future intelligent tunnel construction.