《资本论》视域下数字资本的双重效应与规制路径
Dual Effects and Regulatory Paths of Digital Capital in the Context of Das Kapital

数字经济的发展需要厘清资本的定位与功能问题。数字资本作为产业资本、金融资本之后最新嬗变的资本形态，本质上仍属于马克思《资本论》中的资本范畴，具有文明面向与无序扩张的双重效应。马克思在《资本论》中肯定了资本对推动财富创造与积累的积极作用，这在数字经济中具体表现在数字资本作为黏合剂不断整合技术、劳动、平台、金融等生产要素，显示出激发经济发展活力的巨大潜能；同时，《资本论》所论证的资本盲目追求增殖扩张所衍生的消极效应，于数字资本而言表现为渗透至各个场域，呈现出社会加速、劳动者被剥削加剧、平台垄断扩张、经济脱实向虚等负面景观。因此必须实现对数字资本的驾驭与规制——以人本逻辑统摄资本逻辑与技术逻辑，通过变革生产关系来缓解劳资关系矛盾，治理数字平台垄断乱象，规范数字金融渠道投机活动，以促进数字经济的高质量发展。
The development of digital economy needs to clarify the positioning and function of capital. Digital capital, as the latest transmuted form of capital after industrial capital and financial capital, still belongs to the category of capital in Marx’s Das Kapital, with the dual effect of civilization and disorderly expansion. Marx affirmed the positive role of capital in promoting the creation and accumulation of wealth in Das Kapital, which is specifically manifested in the digital economy, where digital capital, as a glue, continuously integrates technology, labor, platform, finance and other factors of production, showing great potential to stimulate the vitality of economic development; at the same time, the negative effects derived from the blind pursuit of capital proliferation and expansion as demonstrated by Das Kapital are manifested by the penetration into various fields, presenting the negative effects of the blind pursuit of capital expansion, which is manifested by the penetration into various fields, presenting the negative effects of the blind pursuit of capital expansion. At the same time, the negative effects derived from the blind pursuit of capital’s proliferation and expansion, as argued in Das Kapital, are manifested in digital capital by its penetration into various fields, presenting negative landscapes such as the acceleration of society, the intensification of the exploitation of labor, the expansion of platform monopoly, and the economic deconstruction. Therefore, it is necessary to realize the control and regulation of digital capital, to unify the logic of capital and the logic of technology with the logic of humanism, to alleviate the contradiction between labor and capital by changing the production relationship, to control the monopoly of digital platforms, and to regulate the speculative activities of digital financial channels, so as to promote the high-quality development of the digital economy.