某三甲医院体检人群中翼状胬肉检出率及全身危险因素分析
Analysis of Pterygium Detection Rate and Systemic Risk Factors in the Health Screening Population of a Tertiary Grade A Hospital

目的：分析某三甲医院体检人群中翼状胬肉检出率及全身危险因素。方法：采用回顾性分析。收集某三甲医院2021~2023年健康管理中心进行眼科体检的人群信息，统计其中翼状胬肉患者所占比例。纳入所有翼状胬肉患者2437人为研究组，并纳入同期进行体检，年龄、性别相匹配且无翼状胬肉的健康人群2437人作为对照组。收集两组人群空腹血糖(FBG)、血压(mmHg)、身高(m)、体重(kg)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)，计算平均动脉压(MAP)、体重指数(BMI)、TC/HDL、TG/HDL、LDL/HDL。结果：所有进行眼科体检人群中，翼状胬肉检出率为2.15%。翼状胬肉组MAP、BMI、TC、LDL、TC/HDL、LDL/HDL均高于对照组，HDL低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。胬肉组FBG低于对照组，TG、TG/HDL高于对照组，无统计学差异。Logistic回归分析提示，BMI、TC、LDL/HDL均为翼状胬肉发病的独立影响因素；LDL、HDL、TC/HDL为翼状胬肉发病的保护因素。结论：翼状胬肉影响因素较多，与翼状胬肉相关的主要全身性因素有BMI、TC、LDL、HDL、TC/HDL、LDL/HDL。
Objective: This study aims to analyze the detection rate of pterygium and its systemic risk factors among the health screening population in a tertiary grade A hospital. Methods: We collected data from individuals who underwent ophthalmologic health screenings at the Health Management Center of a tertiary grade A hospital between 2021 and 2023. A retrospective analysis was performed to determine the proportion of individuals with pterygium. The study group consisted of 2437 pterygium patients, and the control group included 2437 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals without pterygium. Information on fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (mmHg), height (m), weight (kg), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was collected. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), body mass index (BMI), TC/HDL, TG/HDL, and LDL/HDL ratios were also calculated. Results: The detection rate of pterygium among all individuals who underwent ophthalmologic health screenings was 2.15%. The pterygium group demonstrated significantly higher MAP, BMI, TC, LDL, TC/HDL, and LDL/HDL values than the control group, while HDL was significantly lower (p < 0.05). The pterygium group had a lower FBG level and higher TG and TG/HDL values than the control group, although these differences were not statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI, TC, and LDL/HDL were independent risk factors for pterygium, while LDL, HDL, and TC/HDL were protective factors. Conclusion: Pterygium is influenced by multiple factors. The primary systemic factors associated with pterygium include BMI, TC, LDL, HDL, TC/HDL, and LDL/HDL.