社会工作介入城市社区空巢老人孤独感问题的研究
Research on the Intervention of Social Work in the Loneliness of Empty Nest Elderly in Urban Communities

随着社会经济的不断进步和家庭模式的演变，独居老人的“空巢”现象已逐渐成为社会常态，越来越多的老年人开始加入“空巢”这个大群体之中。城市社区的大部分空巢老人的物质生活已然不成问题，但是他们的精神养老和心理慰藉问题日益凸显，老年人心灵孤独，是这一群体的特征之一，成为社会的普遍现象。孤独感成为空巢老人的无形杀手，因孤独产生抑郁甚至自杀的空巢老人不在少数，对我国老龄化事业的发展提出了巨大的挑战。为提高空巢老人精神慰藉服务质量，满足其精神层面需求，本文通过从理论层面探讨社会工作介入对城市社区空巢老人孤独感缓解的作用，分析空巢老人孤独感的成因及其对社会工作的需求，结合社会工作相关理论，提出针对性的介入策略，以期为改善空巢老人的心理健康提供理论支持和实践参考。
With the continuous progress of the social economy and the evolution of family patterns, the phenomenon of “empty nest” among elderly people living alone has gradually become a social norm, and more and more elderly people are joining the “empty nest” group. The material life of most empty nest elderly in urban communities is no longer a problem, but their spiritual care and psychological comfort issues are becoming increasingly prominent. The loneliness of the elderly is one of the characteristics of this group and has become a common phenomenon in society. Loneliness has become an invisible killer for empty nest elderly, and there are many empty nest elderly who suffer from depression or even suicide due to loneliness, posing a huge challenge to the development of China’s aging industry. In order to improve the quality of spiritual comfort services for empty nest elderly and meet their spiritual needs, this article explores the role of social work intervention in alleviating loneliness among empty nest elderly in urban communities from a theoretical perspective, analyzes the causes of loneliness among empty nest elderly and their needs for social work, and proposes targeted intervention strategies based on relevant theories of social work, in order to provide theoretical support and practical reference for improving the mental health of empty nest elderly.