论算法黑箱的安全伦理风险及其规制路径
On the Safety and Ethic Risks of Algorithm Black Box and Regulation Paths

人工智能时代算法是重要的技术生产力基础，也是推动人工智能技术进步的重要因素。但是，因专业性、复杂性、不确定性以及政府或企业出于保密和知识产权需要而带来的算法黑箱问题也引发了诸多安全伦理风险。本文在分析算法黑箱基本概念和类型的基础上，分析其引发的主要安全伦理风险。论文认为算法黑箱主要涉及数据和隐私保护风险、算法偏见和滥用风险以及算法应用安全风险等。基于相关治理理论和实践需求，论文提出强化算法应用的数据和隐私保护、加强算法合理设计与应用的监管、完善算法应用安全的预防性机制等方面的建议。
In the era of artificial intelligence, algorithm is an important technical productivity base and an important factor in promoting the progress of artificial intelligence technology. However, algorithmic black box due to professionalism, complexity, uncertainty, and the need for confidentiality and intellectual property rights by governments or enterprises also causes many security ethical risks. Based on the analysis of the basic concepts and types of algorithm black box, this paper analyzes the main security ethical risks caused by it. The paper considers that the algorithm black box mainly involves the risk of data and privacy protection, the risk of algorithm bias and abuse, and the risk of algorithm application security. Based on the relevant governance theory and practice requirements, this paper puts forward some suggestions on strengthening the data and privacy protection of algorithm application, strengthening the supervision of rational algorithm design and application, and improving the preventive mechanism of algorithm application security.