环境纠纷的非诉讼调解机制研究
Research on Non-Litigation Mediation Mechanism for Environmental Disputes

本文以环境纠纷非诉讼调解机制为研究对象，系统探讨其理论内涵、实践困境与优化路径。理论上，该机制通过协商、调解等非诉讼方式平衡私益与公益，兼具成本低、效率高、灵活性强的核心优势。实践中，其发展受限于行政成本负担过重、调解员专业素养不足及调解体系单一性等困境，具体表现为资源配置失衡、跨学科人才匮乏以及公权力过度干预导致的自主性缺失。针对这些问题，本文提出三方面优化建议：一是推动行政主导型调解的制度化建设；二是重构民间调解机制，三是构建多元协同调解体系。
This paper takes the non-litigation mediation mechanism for environmental disputes as the research object, and systematically discusses its theoretical connotation, practical dilemma and optimization path. Theoretically, the mechanism balances private interests and public welfare through non-litigation methods such as negotiation and mediation, and has the core advantages of low cost, high efficiency and strong flexibility. In practice, its development is limited by the dilemma of excessive administrative costs, insufficient professional quality of mediators and the singleness of the mediation system, which is manifested in the imbalance of resource allocation, the lack of interdisciplinary talents, and the lack of autonomy caused by excessive intervention by public power. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward three optimization suggestions: first, promote the institutionalization of administrative-led mediation; the second is to reconstruct the civil mediation mechanism, and the third is to build a multi-faceted collaborative mediation system.