绝经后骨质疏松症治疗的概述
An Overview of the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis, PMOP)是绝经期女性因雌激素水平骤降导致的骨代谢失衡性疾病，临床表现为骨密度降低、骨折风险增加及活动功能受限。本文系统综述西医药物干预、中医特色疗法如针刺、艾灸、中药、埋线及功能锻炼等治疗手段，分析其作用机制、临床疗效及局限性。研究发现，中西医结合模式在改善骨代谢、降低不良反应方面具有显著优势，但新兴疗法如肠道菌群调节仍需更多循证支持。未来研究应聚焦个性化治疗方案构建及预防策略优化。
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a bone metabolic imbalance disease caused by the sudden decline of estrogen level in postmenopausal women. The clinical manifestations are decreased bone density, increased risk of fracture and limited activity function. This article systematically reviews the treatment methods of Western medicine intervention, traditional Chinese medicine characteristic therapies such as acupuncture, moxibustion, traditional Chinese medicine, catgut embedding and functional exercise, and analyzes its mechanism, clinical efficacy and limitations. The study found that the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has significant advantages in improving bone metabolism and reducing adverse reactions, but emerging therapies such as gut microbiota regulation still need more evidence-based support. Future research should focus on the construction of personalized treatment plans and the optimization of prevention strategies.