Anthelmintic and Anticoccidial Activities of Mangifera indica and Leucaena leucocephala on Helminths (Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum) and Coccidia of Local Hens in Cameroon
A trial to determine the anthelminthic and anticoccidial activities of Mangifera indica and Leucaena leucocephala on helminths (Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum) and coccidian in local hens was conducted on 96 one-day-old Brahma chicks weighing an average of 31.33 g and hatched from 140 fertilised eggs. These chicks were randomly divided into 12 experimental units, comprising 4 replicates of 8 subjects, i.e. 4 females and 4 males. In each experimental unit, the chickens were divided into batches with equivalent infestations: a control batch (untreated), a batch treated with aqueous extracts of Leucaena leucocephala leaves at a rate of 15 g of extract per litre of water and a batch treated with aqueous extracts of Mangifera indica bark at a rate of 15 g/litre. While in general the number of eggs and oocysts per gram of faeces (OPG) post-treatment always increased in the control batch, it decreased in the treated batches infested with Ascaridia galli and Heterakis and Eimeria sp during the two weeks of treatment. Thus, the reduction rates obtained during the first week of treatment with the aqueous extract of Mangifera indica were 72.13%, 80.03% and 77.51% respectively for Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and Emeria sp. During the same week, OPG reduction rates of 78.04%, 88.28% and 67% were recorded for the respective parasites of Ascaridiagalli, Heterakis gallinarum and Emeria sp treated with the aqueous extract of Leucaena leucocephala. In addition, the percentage of appearance of lesion scores (+0 Absence of lesion) of coccidia was lower in treated batches compared with the control batch, and the presence of severe and extremely severe lesions was only observed in the control batch. These results attest to the therapeutic effects of Leucaena leucocephala leaves and Mangifera indica bark against gastrointestinal parasitosis in chickens.
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