绿原酸对黄喉拟水龟总蛋白、甘油三酯及相关基因表达的影响
Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Levels of Total Protein and Triglycerides, and Related Gene Expressions in Yellow Pond Turtle

本研究讨论了绿原酸(CGA)对黄喉拟水龟总蛋白(TP)、甘油三酯(TG)含量及代谢相关基因表达的影响。将450只健康无损伤的黄喉拟水龟(初始体重为125.47 ± 5.13 g)随机分成5组，每组3个重复，每个重复30只龟，在基础饲料中分别添加0 mg/kg (Con)、100 mg/kg (CGA1)、200 mg/kg (CGA2)、400 mg/kg (CGA4)、800 mg/kg (CGA8)的CGA，实验周期为60 d。结果表明，与对照组(Con)相比，200 mg/kg的CGA可显著提高血清和肝脏的TP含量、降低血清TG含量，400 mg/kg的CGA可以显著减少血清和肝脏中的TG含量。RT-qPCR的结果显示，200 mg/kg的CGA可以显著降低肝脏AKR1D1的基因表达，并显著提高PDIA4、DERL3、CAPN9基因的表达；400 mg/kg的CGA可以显著降低肝脏AKR1D1、P450基因的表达，并显著提高DERL3基因的表达；800 mg/kg的CGA可以显著提高DERL3基因的表达。综上所述，绿原酸可提高黄喉拟水龟肝脏合成TP的能力、降低血清和肝脏中的TG含量，上调PDIA4、DERL3、CAPN9基因的表达、下调AKR1D1、P450基因的表达。绿原酸在黄喉拟水龟饲料中最适添加量为200~400 mg/kg。
This study discusses the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on total protein and triglycerides levels, as well as the expression of metabolism-related genes in yellow pond turtle (Mauremys mutica). A total of 450 healthy, undamaged yellow pond turtle (initial body weight 125.47 ± 5.13 g) were randomly divided into five groups, with three replicates per group and 30 turtles per replicate. The turtles were fed a basic diet supplemented with 0 mg/kg (Con), 100 mg/kg (CGA1), 200 mg/kg (CGA2), 400 mg/kg (CGA4), or 800 mg/kg (CGA8) of CGA for 60 days. The results showed that 200 mg/kg of CGA significantly increased TP levels in both serum and liver, and reduced TG levels in serum, while 400 mg/kg of CGA significantly reduced TG levels in both serum and liver. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that 200 mg/kg of CGA significantly decreased the expression of the liver AKR1D1 gene, while significantly increasing the expression of PDIA4, DERL3, and CAPN9 genes. Furthermore, 400 mg/kg of CGA significantly downregulated the expression of AKR1D1 and P450 genes, while significantly increasing the expression of DERL3. Additionally, 800 mg/kg of CGA significantly upregulated the expression of the DERL3 gene. In conclusion, CGA enhances the ability of yellow pond turtle to synthesize TP in the liver, reduces TG levels in both serum and liver, upregulates the expression of PDIA4, DERL3, and CAPN9 genes, and downregulates the expression of AKR1D1 and P450 genes. The optimal addition amount of CGA in the diet of Chinese soft-shelled turtles is 200~400 mg/kg.