我国民事诉讼立案审查标准的完善
Perfection of the Standard for Filing and Examination of Civil Litigation in China

从立法理念和文义解释看，《民事诉讼法》第122条第1款规定的“原告与本案有直接利害关系”应被理解为原告是实体权利义务人，但该条款无法涵盖诉讼担当和确认之诉的情形。同时，该条款将实体上的审查前置于起诉阶段，使本应适用于程序问题的裁定适用于实体问题的处理，导致法理上的逻辑不自洽以及实践中的“起诉难”、案件进程拖延、司法资源浪费等问题，因此应当考虑删除该条款，从而实现实体审查与起诉程序的剥离。同时，司法层面上，法院应增强诉权保护理念，尊重当事人合法权益，发挥司法定分止争的功能。
From the perspective of legislative philosophy and textual interpretation, the provision of “the plaintiff has a direct interest in the case” in Article 122, paragraph 1 of the Civil Procedure Law should be understood as the plaintiff being the substantive rights and obligations holder, but this provision cannot cover the situations of litigation assumption and confirmation action. At the same time, this clause places the substantive review before the prosecution stage, making the ruling that should be applied to procedural issues applicable to the handling of substantive issues, resulting in inconsistent logic in legal theory and problems such as “difficulty in prosecution”, delay in case progress, and waste of judicial resources in practice. Therefore, consideration should be given to deleting this clause to achieve the separation of substantive review and prosecution procedures. At the same time, at the judicial level, the court should enhance the concept of protecting the right to litigation, respect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and play the role of the judiciary in settling disputes.