当代北京话“伍的”用法的分布及其社会因素分析
Analysis of the Distribution and Social Factors of the Usage of “Wu de” in Contemporary Beijing Dialect

本文着眼北京话具有鲜明地域标识度的等类助词“伍的”，采用社会语言学方法对其在当代北京人中10种用法的分布情况及其社会影响因素进行了调查统计分析，发现与四十年前相比，居住城区、北京人身份、受教育程度、民族身份及年龄等因素仍是影响“伍的”使用的关键要素，且其影响机制基本一致；郊区“伍的”使用率高于城区；在各维度下，“伍的”的使用率均呈下降态势，新老北京人之间的差异尤为明显。
This paper focuses on the distribution and social influencing factors of the regional marker particle “wu de” in contemporary Beijing dialect, conducting a statistical analysis of its ten usage patterns among contemporary Beijingers. It is found that compared with four decades ago, factors such as urban or suburban residence, Beijinger identity, educational attainment, ethnic identity, and age remain key elements influencing the use of “wu de”, and the influencing mechanisms are largely consistent. The usage rate of “wu de” in the suburbs is higher than that in the urban areas. Under each dimension, the usage rate of “wu de” shows a downward trend, with the difference between new and old Beijingers being particularly significant.