蒲松龄《聊斋·罗刹海市》的讽刺性：认知文体学视角
The Satirical Nature of Pu Songling’s Liaozhai Zhiyi: Rakshasa Sea City from a Cognitive Stylistic Perspective

清代杰出小说家蒲松龄的短篇小说《聊斋志异》中的《罗刹海市》是中国古代讽刺小说的经典力作，其建构的怪诞讽刺效果备受人们关注，对现代讽刺文学的意义重大。本文试图通过认知文体学的图式理论、隐喻分析以及文本世界理论探讨《罗刹海市》的讽刺艺术效果的认知构建路径，从而揭示其主题意义。分析发现：1) 叙述模式的偏离和志异与现实的图式冲突从整体上构建了讽刺艺术效果；2) 主题隐喻和其个性化延伸隐喻把志异内容映射到现实世界，形成讽刺构建元素；3) 文本世界理论可以解释处于语篇世界的读者如何跨时空与作者交流和感受作者的创作意图以及在阅读时建构文本世界的。
The short story Rakshasa Sea City in Liaozhai Zhiyi written by the outstanding novelist Pusongling during the Qing Dynasty, is a classic masterpiece of ancient Chinese ironic fiction. Its construction of bizarre and satirical effects has gained considerable attention and plays a significant role in modern satire. This article attempts to explore the cognitive construction path of the satirical artistic effect in this story through the theories of Cognitive Stylistics: schema theory, metaphor analysis, and text world theory, thereby revealing its thematic meanings. The analysis reveals the following: 1) Deviation from the narrative pattern and the schema conflict between the bizarre and reality construct the overall satirical artistic effect; 2) The thematic metaphor and its personalized extended metaphors map the content of the bizarre to the real world, forming elements of satirical construction; 3) Text world theory explains how readers situated in the discourse world can communicate with the author across time and space, perceive the author’s creative intention, and construct the textual world while reading.