关联理论视角下电信网络诈骗的认知语用分析
Cognitive Pragmatic Analysis of Telecommunication Network Fraud from the Perspective of Relevance Theory

本文以从官方网站和平台广泛收集的真实受骗语料为研究对象，试图在关联理论视角下，聚焦于语言与行为决策关系角度，对电信网络诈骗语料进行认知语用分析。针对所得语料，站在受讯者(受骗人)的认知角度，考察到在不同的话语阶段，讯递者(诈骗人)通过话语致使受讯者产生认知“误解”，主要归纳为：交际方式中语体的选择、优化关联推定营造“虚假”互有认知环境、借助寓义在受讯者的推理中进行“怂恿”。以上三种语言情况，会导致认知“误解”的产生，进而促使受讯者作出行为决策，致使其最终被骗。在双向交际中，讯递者交际意图的实现与否，可以说决定权在受讯者一方。因此站在受讯者角度，本文提出预防电信网络诈骗的新策略，即受讯者要进行“自我管理”，提高思维认知的警觉性，谨慎地做出行为决策。
Taking the real scammed corpus widely collected from official websites and platforms as the research object, this paper attempts to conduct cognitive-pragmatic analysis of telecommunication network scamming corpus under the perspective of relevance theory focusing on the angle of the relationship between language and behavioral decision-making. With regard to the obtained corpus, from the cognitive point of view of the recipient (scammer), it is examined that in different discourse stages, the sender (scammer) causes the recipient to have cognitive “misunderstanding” through discourse, which is mainly summarized as follows: the choice of language style in the mode of communication, the optimization of correlation presumption to create a “false” cognitive environment, the optimization of correlation presumption, and the creation of the “mutual cognitive environment” of “false” cognition. The main reasons for this are: the choice of language in communication, the optimization of associative presumptions to create a “false” cognitive environment, and “encouragement” in the reasoning of the addressee with the help of allegory. The above three linguistic situations will lead to the generation of cognitive “misunderstanding”, which in turn prompts the recipient to make behavioral decisions, resulting in his ultimate deception. In two-way communication, it can be said that the decision of whether the communicative intention of the interrogator is realized or not lies on the side of the interrogatee. Therefore, from the point of view of the recipient, this paper proposes a new strategy to prevent telecommunication network fraud. That is, the recipient should carry out “self-management”, improve the alertness of thinking and cognition, and make behavioral decisions cautiously.