从形体演变看构件“礻”“衤”的讹混
On the Confusion of Components “礻” and “衤” from the Perspective of Character Shape Evolution

示字旁和衣字旁在做左边偏旁的时候时常讹混，因为它们的形体“礻”“衤”非常接近。从“示”字“衣”字及它们作为构件时的形体进行分析，发现汉代以后隶变和楷书的出现和成熟使两个构件发生变形简化，这对于两个构件的讹混产生了重要影响。对比两个偏旁的特点：一是形体上“衤”比“礻”多一道撇点笔画，二是意义上“礻”与祭祀有关，“衤”与服饰有关。利用这两个偏旁的区别特征有利于辨析两个偏旁的讹混以及从示字和从衣字的讹混。
The “demonstration” radical and the “clothing” radical are often confused when they serve as left-side components, due to their similar shapes “礻” and “衤”. By analyzing the shapes of the characters “示” and “衣” as well as their shapes as components, it is found that the deformation and simplification of the two components after the Han Dynasty, which was caused by the emergence and maturation of clerical script and regular script, had a significant impact on their confusion. Comparing the characteristics of the two radicals: firstly, in terms of shape, “衤” has an additional stroke of a slanting point compared to “礻”; secondly, in terms of meaning, “礻” is related to sacrifice while “衤” is associated with clothing. Utilizing these distinguishing features of the two radicals is conducive to the analysis of their confusion, as well as the confusion of characters with the “demonstration” and “clothing” radicals.