高速磁浮铁路轨道不平顺谱构建方法研究
Study on the Construction Method of Track Irregularity Spectrum of High Speed Maglev Railway

轨道不平顺是列车振动的主要激扰源，是引起列车车辆振动、车轨相互作用增大的主要因素之一，直接关系到列车运行的平稳性、舒适性和安全性，深入研究线路不平顺可为系统振动预测提供必要的基础数据，为线路轨道设计、建造与维护提供重要的理论依据。本文分析了高速磁浮轨道不平顺形式，以线路轨道特征长度为基准，提出一种基于随机过程叠加原理的高速磁浮线路不平顺拟合方法，所生成的垂向不平顺激励与实测数据吻合较好。采用8参数多项式拟合法得到高速磁浮轨道不平顺谱，通过与高速铁路经典谱对比，拟合的高速磁浮轨道不平顺谱在短波范围高于其他谱，在2~20 m波长范围在高速无砟谱和美国谱、德国谱之间，在长波范围内则低于高速无砟谱，特殊的是轨距不平顺在长波范围高于高速无砟谱，低于德国高干扰谱。
Track irregularity is the main source of train vibration and one of the main factors causing the increase of train-vehicle vibration and train-rail interaction, which is directly related to the smoothness, comfort and safety of train operation. In-depth study of track irregularity can provide the necessary basic data for system vibration prediction, and provide an important theoretical basis for the design, construction and maintenance of track. In this paper, the irregularity forms of high-speed maglev track are analyzed. Based on the characteristic length of track, a new irregularity fitting method based on the principle of superposition of random processes is proposed. The generated vertical irregularity excitation accords well with the measured data. The irregularity spectrum of the high-speed maglev track is obtained by using 8-parameter polynomial fitting method. Compared with the classical spectrum of high-speed railway, the irregularity spectrum of the high-speed maglev track is higher than other spectra in the short wave range, between the high-speed ballastless spectrum and the American spectrum and the German spectrum in the 2~20 m wavelength range, and lower than the high-speed ballastless spectrum in the long wave range. In particular, the gauge irregularity in the long wave range is higher than the high-speed ballastless spectrum, lower than the German high interference spectrum.