Introduction: Tetralogy of Fallot (TF) is a cyanogenic congenital heart defect. It comprises 4 distinct anatomical elements. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the population of patients operated on for tetralogy of Fallot at the Ignace Deen National Hospital (IDNH), Méthodologie: A retrospective study was carried out. It included 56 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TF) collected over a period of 3 years in the cardiology department of IDNH. Résultats: At the end of our study, we found that FT preferentially affects males, with a male/female sex ratio of 2:1. The mean age of onset was 5.5 years. The 1 - 5 year age group was the most represented, with extremes of 03 months and 16 years. The mean age of onset was 9 months. Consanguinity was the most common risk factor. The majority of patients (32) diagnosed with FT had undergone surgery within a year of diagnosis, with delays ranging from 1 to 6 months. The mean age at the time of surgery was 4.8 years. Moderate pulmonary insufficiency was the most frequent postoperative complication. Immediate postoperative mortality was low (3.1% or one patient). Conclusions: Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanogenic congenital heart defect. A multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, pediatricians and cardiopediatricians is required for early detection and management, with the aim of improving vital prognosis.
References
[1]
Apitz, C., Webb, G.D. and Redington, A.N. (2009) Tetralogy of Fallot. TheLancet, 374, 1462-1471. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60657-7
[2]
Haas, N.A., Driscoll, D.J. and Rickert-Sperling, S. (2024) Clinical Presentation and Therapy of Tetralogy of Fallot and Double-Outlet Right Ventricle. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Springer International Publishing, 617-627. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_35
[3]
van der Linde, D., Konings, E.E.M., Slager, M.A., Witsenburg, M., Helbing, W.A., Takkenberg, J.J.M., etal. (2011) Birth Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease Worldwide. JournaloftheAmericanCollegeofCardiology, 58, 2241-2247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.025
[4]
Ndongo Amougou, S., Jingi, A.M., Otseng Abe, A., Hamadou, B., Chelo, D. and Kingue, S. (2022) Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Congenital Heart Disease in Two Teaching Hospitals in Yaounde—A Cross-Sectional Study. ArchivesofCardiovascularDiseasesSupplements, 14, 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2021.09.261
[5]
Diby, K.F., Azagoh, K.R., Yao, K.C., Yeboua, K.R. and Aka-Tanoh, A.H. (2019) Epidemiological, Clinical and Evolutionary Profile of Congenital Heart Disease in Côte d’Ivoire: A Multicenter Retrospective. Revue Internationale des Sciences Médicales, 21, 293-300.
[6]
Bassirou, B.M., Tahirou, D.M., Dioulde, D.A., Yaya, B.E., Abdoulaye, C., Mamadou, D., etal. (2024) Congenital Heart Disease Referred for Surgery: Analysis and Epidemiological Description in the Cardiology Department of CHU Ignace Deen. WorldJournalofCardiovascularDiseases, 14, 234-251. https://doi.org/10.4236/wjcd.2024.144019
[7]
Allen, H., Driscoll, D., Shaddy, R. and Feltes, T. (2008) Heart Disease in Infants, Children, and Adolescents. 7th Edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 892-894.
[8]
Cobanoglu, A. and Schultz, J.M. (2002) Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot in the First Year of Life: Late Results. TheAnnalsofThoracicSurgery, 74, 133-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(02)03619-6
[9]
Massimo, A.P. Pradegana, N. and Azzolina, D. (2020) The Role of Primary Surgical Repair Technique on Late Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: A Multicentre Study. EuropeanJournalofCardio-ThoracicSurgery, 57, 565-573.
[10]
Mimic, B., Brown, K.L., Oswal, N., Simmonds, J., Hsia, T.-Y., Tsang, V.T., etal. (2013) Neither Age at Repair nor Previous Palliation Affects Outcome in Tetralogy of Fallot Repair. EuropeanJournalofCardio-ThoracicSurgery, 45, 92-99. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezt307
[11]
Friedli, B. (2010) Tétralogie de Fallot. EMC-Cardiologie, 5, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1166-4568(10)50564-3
[12]
Blais, S., Marelli, A., Vanasse, A., Dahdah, N., Dancea, A., Drolet, C., et al. (2021) Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes of Valve-Sparing and Transannular Patch Procedures for Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot. JAMANetworkOpen, 4, e2118141. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.18141
[13]
Chiu, S., Wang, J., Chen, H., Lin, M., Wu, E., Chen, C., et al. (2012) Long-Term Survival and Unnatural Deaths of Patients with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot in an Asian Cohort. Circulation: CardiovascularQualityandOutcomes, 5, 120-125. https://doi.org/10.1161/circoutcomes.111.963603
[14]
Smith, C.A., McCracken, C., Thomas, A.S., Spector, L.G., St Louis, J.D., Oster, M.E., etal. (2019) Long-Term Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: A Study from the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium. JAMACardiology, 4, 34-41. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4255
[15]
Roy, L.-O. (2024) Effect of Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Pediatric Patients on Survival, Hospitalizations, and Interventions in Patients with Tetralogy of Fallot. Université de Sherbrooke.
[16]
Van Arsdell, G.S., Maharaj, G.S., Tom, J., Rao, V.K., Coles, J.G., Freedom, R.M., etal. (2000) What Is the Optimal Age for Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot? Circulation, 102, III-123-III-129. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.102.suppl_3.iii-123
[17]
Kouchoukos, N., Blackstone, E., Doty, D., etal. (2003) Cardiac Surgery. 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone, 967-992.
[18]
Van Aerschot, I. and Iserin, L. (2011) Surveillance d’une tétralogie de Fallot opérée. La Presse Médicale, 40, 740-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpm.2011.02.030
[19]
Keith, J.D., Rowe, R.D. and Vlad, P. (1978) Heart Disease in Infancy and Childhood. McMillan, 470-499.
