Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Benign Mastopathy in Adolescent Girls in the Gynecology Department of the University Hospital of Treichville
Introduction: Benign mastopathy encompasses all non-cancerous alterations within the breast glandular tissue. These conditions are prevalent among young premenopausal women, with breast adenofibromas being the most common. The diverse clinical presentations and prognostic implications of benign mastopathies necessitate a varied therapeutic approach. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical and therapeutic aspects of benign mastopathies. Patients and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a seven-year period within the gynecology department of Treichville University Teaching Hospital. Adolescent girls diagnosed with benign mastopathy and followed in the department were included in the study. Parameters analyzed included sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical characteristics, and treatment modalities. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, while qualitative variables were presented as proportions. Results: The incidence of benign mastopathy was 13.29%. The mean age of adolescent girls was 17.03 years, with the majority (most) falling within the 16 - 19 age group. The primary reasons for specialist consultation were nodules (58.78%) and breast pain (21.10%). Lesions were predominantly located on the right side in 38.46% of cases. The upper-outer quadrants (left: 29.8%, right: 19.2%) were most commonly affected. Breast nodules were present in 77.9% of cases. No axillary adenopathies were observed. Breast ultrasound was the most frequently performed paraclinical examination (61.6%). Adenofibromas were detected in 62.5% of cases. Histological analysis of Tru-cut biopsies and cytological examination of fine-needle aspiration biopsies revealed adenofibromas in 62.5% and 75% of cases, respectively. Treatment: Medical management was employed in 43.27% of cases, surgical intervention in 39.42%, and a watchful waiting approach (therapeutic abstention) in 17.31%. Conclusion: Benign mastopathies are frequently encountered in breast consultations, and breast ultrasound serves as the gold standard diagnostic imaging modality. Fibroadenoma is the most prevalent histological subtype.
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