|
|
Awareness and Knowledge of Caesarean Section (CS) Complications among Healthcare Students and How It Affects Their Decision-Making for Future Delivery
|
Abstract:
Introduction: Caesarean deliveries (C-sections) are increasing at a rapid rate worldwide. The World Health Organization has stated that no region in the world is justified in having a C-section rate greater than 15%, which is the median percentage globally. The C-section rate in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia, was reported to exceed 25%; at least 13% of these C-sections were performed without a valid medical reason. With a high CS rate, the number of complications associated with surgery increases. Aim: This aper aims to assess the awareness and knowledge of healthcare students about C-sections’ complications and their impact on their future decision-making for modes of women’s delivery. Subjects and Methods: It is a cross-sectional, pre-structured online survey planned to include 502 healthcare students (males and females) across different academic study grades of ten different healthcare programs at the Batterjee Medical College (BMC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during six months, from January 1st to June 30th, 2024. Results: Healthcare students’ awareness and knowledge have a subsequent effect on their choice of the woman’s mode of delivery. High-scoring knowledge shows a strong negative linear correlation with choice of CS (r = -0.96811) and a weak positive linear correlation with vaginal delivery (r = 0.43834). Unfortunately, most of the participating students have an inadequate (or poor) knowledge score (256, 50.99%), a high choice of CS (180, 35.86%), and a low choice of vaginal delivery (76, 15.14%). Conclusion: The estimated degree of awareness and knowledge about C-sections’ complications were different among male and female healthcare students, as well as varied across different healthcare programs. The background awareness and knowledge has a subsequent effect on the participating students’ future choice of the woman’s mode of delivery.
| [1] | Ahmed, A.E. and Mohammad, R.S. (2019) Motives for—and Prevalence of—Cesarean Delivery on Maternal Request: A Survey in Saudi Arabia. Qatar Medical Journal, 2019, Article 2. https://doi.org/10.5339/qmj.2019.2 |
| [2] | AlSheeha, M.A. (2018) Epidemiology of Cesarean Delivery in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6, 891-895. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.213 |
| [3] | Jansen, L., Gibson, M., Bowles, B.C. and Leach, J. (2013) First Do No Harm: Interventions during Childbirth. The Journal of Perinatal Education, 22, 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.22.2.83 |
| [4] | Kan, A. (2020) Classical Cesarean Section. Surgery Journal (New York, N.Y.), 6, S98-S103. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402072 |
| [5] | Betran, A.P., Torloni, M.R., Zhang, J.J. and Gülmezoglu, A.M. for the WHO Working Group on Caesarean Section (2016) WHO Statement on Caesarean Section Rates. BJOG, 123, 667-670. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13526 |
| [6] | Martin, J.A., Hamilton, B.E., Ventura, S.J., Osterman, M.J., Kirmeyer, S., Mathews, T.J. and Wilson, E.C. (2011) Births: Final Data for 2009. National Vital Statistics Reports, 60, 1-72. |
| [7] | Alsulami, S.M., Ashmawi, M.T., Jarwan, R.O., Malli, I.A., Albar, S.K. and Al-Jifree, H.M. (2020) The Rates of Cesarean Section Deliveries According to Robson Classification System during the Year of 2018 among Patients in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 12, e11529. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.11529 |
| [8] | Dawood, A.S., Dawood, A.-G.S. and El-Shwaikh, S.L. (2017) A Three Year Retrospective Study of Caesarean Section Rate at Tanta University Hospitals. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 5, 25-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20170502.11 |
| [9] | Gupta, M. and Garg, V. (2017) The Rate and Indications of Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Jaipur, India. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6, 1786-1792. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171530 |
| [10] | Salma, U., Alshaikh, A.B.A., Alanazi, M.F., Sheikh, M.S.A., Alruwail, W.M.A., Alsubaiti, R.A.H., Alzamil, T.H.Z., Alruwaili, S.S.B., Alshalan, R.Z. and Rashwan, E.K. (2022) Causes of Elective Cesarean Delivery on Maternal Request in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11, 1633-1638. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20221432 |
| [11] | Narayanaswamy, M., Ambika, B. and Sruthi, T. (2016) Cesarean Delivery at Maternal Request in a Rural Medical College Hospital. Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics, 5, 64-67. https://doi.org/10.14740/jcgo290w |
| [12] | Jou, J., Kozhimannil, K.B., Johnson, P.J. and Sakala, C. (2015) Patient-Perceived Pressure from Clinicians for Labor Induction and Cesarean Delivery: A Population-Based Survey of U.S. Women. Health Services Research, 50, 961-981. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12231 |
| [13] | Abbaspoor, Z. and Noori, M. (2016) The Relationship of Socio-Demographic and Reproductive Factors with Preferred Type of Birth. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 5, 1765-1772. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20161660 |
| [14] | Le, P.T.N. (2016) Factors Influencing Intention of Elective Cesarean Section among Pregnant Women in Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Nursing Science & Health, 38, 137-151. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/nah/article/view/33599 |
| [15] | Yaqoub, R.M., Khouj, M.A., Alsaif, A.A., Eissa, G.A., Alhemdi, J.A. and Albasri, S. (2022) Awareness and Knowledge of Caesarean Section Complications among Women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 14, e32152. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.32152 |
| [16] | Das, A. and Ghosh, S.R. (2023) Post Caesarean Section Complication and Its Management in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 12, 858-863. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20230781 |
| [17] | Stancanelli, M.R., Njandjo, L., Errigo, F., Fois, A., Santoro, D., Piccoli, G.B. and Torreggiani, M. (2023) Ogilvie Syndrome and Acute Kidney Injury: A Rare Complication of Cesarean Section and Preeclampsia. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12, Article 2249. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062249 |
| [18] | Aljohani, A.A., Al-Jifree, H.M., Jamjoom, R.H., et al. (2021) Common Complications of Cesarean Section during the Year 2017 in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 13, e12840. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12840 |
| [19] | Mascarello, K.C., Horta, B.L. and Silveira, M.F. (2017) Maternal Complications and Cesarean Section without Indication: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Revista de Saúde Pública, 51, Article 105. https://doi.org/10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051000389 |
| [20] | Mylonas, I. and Friese, K. (2015) The Indications for and Risks of Elective Caesarean Section. Deutsches Ärzteblatt, 112, 489-495. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2015.0489 |
| [21] | Dhakal-Rai, S., van Teijlingen, E., Regmi, P.R., Wood, J., Dangal, G. and Dhakal, K.B. (2021) A Brief History and Indications for Cesarean Section. Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences, 8, 101-111. https://doi.org/10.3126/jpahs.v8i3.27657 |
| [22] | Paech, M.J., Scott, K.L., Clavisi, O., Chua, S., McDonnell, N. and the ANZCA Trials Group (2008) A Prospective Study of Awareness and Recall Associated with General Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 17, 298-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2008.01.016 |
| [23] | Ji, Y.-J., Wang, H.-B., Bai, Z., Long, D.-J., Ma, K., Yan, J., Li, Y.-X., Wu, Y.-F. and Yang, H. (2021) Achieving WHO’s Goal for Reducing Cesarean Section Rate in a Chinese Hospital. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, Article 774487. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.774487 |
| [24] | Alaa-El-Din Wali, A., Taher, A. and Abd-El-Fatah, S.M. (2020) Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitude of Egyptian Women toward Cesarean Delivery: A Cross-sectional Survey. Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 12, 203-208. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1768 |
| [25] | Abood, F.M. and Alsafi, A.M.H. (2022) Assessment of Women Knowledge toward Cesarean Section Complications in Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences, 21, 99-107. |
| [26] | Maki, J.M., Dagestani, H., Aldokhail, L., et al. (2023) Awareness of Obstetric and Delivery Complications among Saudi Pregnant Women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 15, e39630. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39630 |
| [27] | Keshk, E.A., Alghamdi, G.S., Alghamdi, M.A., Alzahrani, M.S., Alzahrani, R.M., Alzahrani, A.S. and Alzahrani, R.S. (2024) Knowledge and Attitude toward Modes of Delivery and Possible Complications among Women in Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 16, e59988. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.59988 |
| [28] | Tang, Y., Gao, J., Sun, L., Gao, Y., Guo, F. and Chen, Q. (2021) Promotion of Pre-natal Education Courses Is Associated with Reducing the Rates of Caesarean Section: A Case-Control Study. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, Article 666337. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.666337 |
| [29] | Günyeli, İ. and Saygın, M. (2020) Investigation of Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness Concerned with the Normal and Cesarean Delivery of Female Medical Faculty Students. Medical Journal of Süleyman Demirel University, 27, 214-219. https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.639229 |
| [30] | Eslambolchi, L., Mosadeghrad, A.M., Taheri, S. and Afshari, M. (2021) Taxonomy of Effective Strategies to Reduce Unnecessary Caesarean: A Systematic Review. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 27, 826-849. https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.21.046 |
