偏差考核下的虚拟电厂负荷削减容量申报建模
Modeling of Virtual Power Plant Load Reduction Capacity Declaration under Deviation Assessment

随着分布式能源的快速发展，虚拟电厂作为电力市场的重要参与者，能够灵活调节和优化多种能源资源的调度，以应对电力供需的不平衡问题。本文针对虚拟电厂在偏差考核机制下的容量申报问题，提出了一种优化算法。在考虑储能、冰蓄冷空调、冷热电联产机组、柴油机组、充电站和光伏等资源特性的基础上，建立了相应的调度模型，旨在最大化VPP在电力市场中的收益。通过精准计算各资源在不同需求响应时段内的最大可调控容量，VPP能够合理申报容量，避免因偏差过大而遭遇惩罚。算例分析表明，所提出的容量申报优化模型有效提高了VPP的收益，并在实际应用中具有一定的工程价值。
With the rapid development of distributed energy, virtual power plants (VPPs) have become important participants in the electricity market. They can flexibly adjust and optimize the scheduling of various energy resources to address the imbalance between electricity supply and demand. This paper proposes an optimization algorithm to solve the capacity declaration problem of VPPs under the deviation assessment mechanism. By considering the characteristics of resources such as energy storage, ice-storage air conditioning, combined heat and power units, diesel generators, charging stations, and photovoltaic systems, a corresponding scheduling model is developed to maximize VPP revenue in the electricity market. By accurately calculating the maximum controllable capacity of each resource during different demand response periods, the VPP can reasonably declare its capacity, avoiding penalties due to excessive deviations. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed capacity declaration optimization model effectively enhances VPP revenue and holds certain engineering value in practical applications.