基于ANSYS Workbench的装载机摇臂结构优化
Structural Optimization of Loader Arm Based on ANSYS Workbench

摇臂作为装载机工作装置的重要组成部分，是装载机的核心组成部件之一。由于装载机的工作环境大多比较恶劣，工况也比较复杂，因此结构件特别是摇臂失效的概率相对较大。针对摇臂在大载荷下容易断裂的情况，首先在三维制图软件SolidWorks中建立摇臂模型并导入到Workbench中，在赋予材料和划分网格之后，通过动力学仿真分析，对装载机工作装置进行了模拟仿真，对摇臂进行静力学分析并用拓扑优化设计对几何结构进行了优化。通过拓扑优化后的模型的最大变形和最大应力虽然有一定程度的升高，但仍在安全范围内，满足其结构安全系数要求，但其质量减少了13.01%，实现了优化。
As a critical component of the loading mechanism, the rocker arm is one of the core components of a loader. Given that loaders frequently operate in harsh environments and under complex working conditions, structural components, especially rocker arms, are prone to failure. To address the susceptibility of rocker arms to fracture under heavy loads, an initial step is to construct a three-dimensional model of the rocker arm using SolidWorks and then import it into the Workbench platform. Upon assigning material properties and meshing, a dynamic simulation analysis is carried out to emulate the loader’s working device. The rocker arm is subjected to a static mechanical analysis, followed by a topology optimization design to refine the geometric structure. Although the maximum deformation and stress of the model increased to some extent after the topology optimization, these values remained within a safe range, fulfilling the structural safety factor requirements. Moreover, this optimization resulted in a mass reduction of 13.01%, thereby achieving the desired optimization.