凯里市气候舒适度特征分析
Analysis of Climate Comfort Characteristics in Kaili City

气候资源是国民经济的战略性资源，是旅游经济的重要基础。本研究基于凯里市1981~2020年逐日气象观测资料，深入分析凯里市气候特征，并利用人体舒适度指数(I_BC)量化人体舒适度特征、最舒适期及时长。结果表明：1) 凯里市气候温和，年平均气温16.2℃，平均年降水量1230 mm，雨量充沛且强降雨夜雨特征显著；风速、湿度、日照适中，气候资源优异。2) 凯里市历年平均人体舒适度指数(I_BC)处于4级，全年以“舒适”和“冷不舒适”天气为主，“热不舒适”天气极少。40年间“舒适”日数显著增加，“冷不舒适”日数则显著减少，以春季最为显著，具有“偏凉”向“舒适”靠近特征。3) 凯里市“舒适”天气主要在4月至11月，其中夏季最为舒适(长达90.1 d)，气候舒适期长，避暑条件优越。4) 特色景点下司古镇对大部分人来说，全年有9个月(3月至11月)适宜旅游或居住。综上，凯里市气候温暖湿润，气候舒适期长，旅游、宜居性高，具有较好的气候康养旅游创新与发展潜力。
Climate resources are the strategic resources of national economy and an important foundation of tourism economy. Based on the daily meteorological observation data of Kaili City from 1981 to 2020, the study analyzed the climate characteristics of Kaili City in depth, and used the human comfort index (I_BC) to quantify the timely comfort characteristics of the human body and the maximum comfort period. The results show that: 1) The climate of Kaili is mild, with an average annual temperature of 16.2℃, average annual average precipitation of 1230 mm, abundant rainfall and heavy rainfall and night rain; moderate wind speed, humidity, sunshine and excellent climate resources. 2) The average human comfort index (I_BC) of Kaili City over the years is at level 4, mainly “comfortable” and “cold uncomfortable” weather throughout the year, and “hot uncomfortable” weather is very few. In the past 40 years, the number of “comfortable” days increased significantly, while the number of “cold uncomfortable” days decreased significantly, with spring being the most significant, with the characteristics of “cool” to “comfort”. 3) The “comfortable” weather in Kaili City is mainly in spring, summer and autumn, with the most comfortable summer (90.1 d), with superior summer conditions. From April to November, most people are comfortable and have a long comfort period. 4) For most people, the characteristic scenic spot, Xiadu Ancient Town, is suitable for tourism or residence throughout the year for nine months (from March to November). To sum up, Kaili City has a warm and humid climate, a long climate comfort period, high tourism or livability, and has a certain potential for innovation and development of climate health tourism.