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玄武岩中二氧化碳原位矿化封存：机遇和挑战
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Abstract:
CO2的过量排放带来了严重的环境问题，CO2封存技术作为CCUS技术的重要环节，可以减少大气中的CO2含量，从而有效减缓全球气候变暖。本文综述了二氧化碳在玄武岩中封存的机理和技术挑战，进一步了解玄武岩的矿物成分和固碳机理，介绍了世界上已有的玄武岩CO2封存工程冰岛CarbFix示范项目，探讨了玄武岩CO2原位矿化封存存在的若干问题及面对的挑战，得出玄武岩CO2原位矿化封存相比于常规的封存技术，具有促进碳矿化、封存效果持久、安全以及较大的封存容量等显著优点，为推动该领域进一步发展提供理论指导。
The excessive emission of CO2 has brought serious environmental problems. As an important part of CCUS technology, CO2 storage technology can reduce the CO2 content in the atmosphere, effectively suppressing global climate change. This article summarizes the mechanism and technical challenges of carbon dioxide sequestration in basalt, further understanding the mineral composition and carbon sequestration mechanism of basalt. It introduces the CarbFix demonstration project of basalt CO2 sequestration in Iceland, discusses several issues and challenges faced by in-situ mineralization sequestration of basalt CO2, and concludes that compared with conventional sequestration technologies, in-situ mineralization sequestration of basalt CO2 has obvious advantages such as promoting carbon mineralization, long-term and safe sequestration effects, and large sequestration capacity, providing theoretical guidance for further development in this field.
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