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瑞马唑仑应用于儿童麻醉中的最新研究进展
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Abstract:
瑞马唑仑是一种新型超短效苯二氮？类药物，通过作用于γ-氨基丁酸A型(GABAA)受体而产生镇静作用。具有起效快、半衰期短、清除率高、长期使用无药物蓄积、无明显注射痛、不依赖肝肾代谢，对呼吸及循环影响小的优点，且可被氟马西尼迅速拮抗。目前已成功用于成人程序性镇静和全身麻醉的诱导与维持，但在儿童麻醉中的应用尚处于探索阶段。现将瑞马唑仑的药理作用、药理学特点、在儿童围手术期和辅助检查中的应用，以及相关不良反应的研究进展进行综述，为其用于儿童麻醉提供一定参考。
Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine that produces a sedative effect by acting on the gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor. It has a rapid onset of action, a short half-life, high clearance rate, no drug accumulation with long-term use, no significant injection pain, does not rely on hepatic or renal metabolism, has minimal impact on respiration and circulation, and can be rapidly antagonized by flumazenil. It has been successfully used for procedural sedation and induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in adults, but its application in pediatric anesthesia is still in the exploratory stage. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects of remimazolam, its pharmacological characteristics, and its application during the perioperative period and in auxiliary examinations in children, as well as research progress on related adverse reactions, providing a reference for its use in pediatric anesthesia.
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