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Material Sciences 2025
微纳米颗粒物与污染物共迁移的研究进展
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Abstract:
人工微纳米颗粒带来巨大效益的背后存在着污染生态环境，甚至威胁人类健康的隐患。微纳米颗粒物与污染物间存在复杂的相互作用，因此两者在土壤环境中共存时，二者的迁移行为受到相互影响。探究微纳米颗粒物与污染物协同迁移的内在机制及作用模式，有助于评估其环境动态、预测地下水污染风险，为环境风险评估及污染控制措施提供坚实的理论基础。针对微纳米颗粒物与污染物共迁移行为的研究，系统性概括并分析关键影响因素包括溶液流速、多孔介质类型、离子强度、pH、有机物和生物膜对共迁移行为的影响，并详细阐述了微纳碳颗粒、微纳金属颗粒以及微纳塑料与污染物共迁移的研究现状。最后，基于现有研究成果，提出了未来值得进一步探索的研究方向。
Behind the huge benefits brought by artificial micro-nano particles, there are hidden dangers of polluting the ecological environment and even threatening human health. There is a complex interaction between micro and nano particles and pollutants, so when they coexist in the soil environment, their migration behavior is affected by each other. Exploring the internal mechanism and mode of synergistic migration of micro-nano particles and pollutants is helpful to assess their environmental dynamics, predict groundwater pollution risks, and provide a solid theoretical basis for environmental risk assessment and pollution control measures. In order to study the co-migration behavior of micro-nano particles and pollutants, the influences of key influencing factors including solution flow rate, type of porous media, ionic strength, pH, organic matter and biofilm on the co-migration behavior were systematically summarized and analyzed, and the research status of carbon nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles and micro-nano plastics and pollutants co-migration was elaborated. Finally, based on the existing research results, the future research direction worthy of further exploration is put forward.
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