政策设计与公共价值创造——基于社会企业政策的比较分析
Policy Design and Public Value Creation—A Comparative Analysis Based on Social Enterprise Policies

社会企业相关概念在中国兴起，不同城市的社会企业发展呈现出多样化的特点。依照公共政策成熟度，本文从高到低选取了成都市、北京市和芜湖市作为研究对象，通过比较三地出台的社会企业政策，探讨政策设计如何形塑社会企业的公共性，并推动社会企业创造公共价值。本文应用波兹曼的公共性理论，展现了政府在塑造社会企业所有权、资金和控制这三个方面所发挥的重要作用。在这三个城市中，政府利用认证、财务支持、公共采购等方式，引导社会企业进行公共价值选择和创造，成都市的政策更强调合作与伙伴关系，北京市的政策设计更倾向于市场化，而芜湖市的政策更注重政府的引导和控制。
Concepts related to social enterprises have emerged in China, and the development of social enterprises in different cities is characterized by diversity. Based on the maturity level of public policies, this paper selects Chengdu, Beijing and Wuhu from high to low, and compares the social enterprise policies of the three cities to explore how policy design shapes the public nature of social enterprises and promotes the creation of public value by social enterprises. Applying Bozeman’s theory of publicness, this paper demonstrates the important role played by the government in shaping the three aspects of social enterprise ownership, funding and control. In these three cities, the government uses certification, financial support, and public procurement to guide social enterprises to make public value choices and create public value; Chengdu’s policy emphasizes cooperation and partnership; Beijing’s policy design tends to be more market-oriented; and Wuhu’s policy focuses more on government guidance and control.