阳性FOB试纸条用于DNA检测和法医学应用的探索
Exploration of Positive FOB Test Strip for DNA Detection and Forensic Application

目的：模拟现场快速FOB检测筛选后的阳性结果试纸条，探索阳性FOB试纸条用于DNA检测的可行性以及DNA检测的最佳区域。为此类案件后续的DNA检测提供新的实验思路，为侦查提供方向和线索。方法：以模拟现场快速FOB检测的10份阳性FOB试纸条(6男4女)为研究对象，将试纸条分为3个不同区域(A加样区，B反应区，C检测线)，选用Chelex-100法对不同分区样本进行DNA的提取，用VFP (AB公司)试剂盒进行PCR扩增，用AB公司的3500 xl进行电泳，并且选用GeneMapper ID-X 1.5软件进行STR分型。通过直接计数法统计不同区域STR分型的得分情况，并且通过非参数检验的方法Kruskal-Wallis检验进行组间数据分析。结果：10份阳性FOB试纸条(6男4女)的3个不同区域不同程度地检测出来了人体特异性STR分型，三个区域得分如下：A区域最高得分43分、最低得分12分、平均得分21.4分；B区域最高得分50分、最低得分46分、平均得分48.9分；C区域最高得分14分、最低得分1分、平均得分7.8分；通过Kruskal-Wallis检验进行组间比较，得到P值为<0.05。结论：通过本次对10份阳性FOB试纸条的不同区域DNA检测表明：现场快速FOB检测阳性结果的试纸条可以成为犯罪现场一种新型的重要生物检材用于法医DNA分型，3个不同区域中A、B区(反应区)均能得到较好的DNA检测结果，以B区检测效果最佳。
Objective: To explore the feasibility of positive FOB test strip for DNA detection and the optimal region of DNA detection by simulating the positive test strip screened by on-site rapid FOB detection. It provides new experimental ideas for the subsequent DNA detection of such cases, and provides direction and clues for investigation. Methods: Ten positive FOB test strips (6 males and 4 females) simulated on-site rapid FOB detection were used as the research objects. The test strips were divided into three different regions (A sampling area, B reaction area, C detection line). Chelex-100 method was used to extract DNA from samples in different regions. PCR amplification was performed with VFP (AB) kit, electrophoresis was performed with 3500 xl of AB company, and STR typing was performed using GeneMapper ID-X 1.5 software. The scores of STR typing in different regions were counted by direct counting method, and the data between groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Human-specific STR typing was detected in three different regions of 10 positive FOB test strips (6 males and 4 females) to varying degrees. The scores of the three regions were as follows: the highest score of A region was 43 points, the lowest score was 12 points, and the average score was 21.4 points. The highest score of area B was 50 points, the lowest score was 46 points, and the average score was 48.9 points. The highest score of region C was 14 points, the lowest score was 1 point, and the average score was 7.8 points. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison between groups, and the P value was < 0.05. Conclusion: The DNA detection of different regions of 10 positive FOB test strips showed that the test strips with positive results of rapid FOB detection on site can become a new type