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后入路经椎弓根截骨术(PSO)在治疗脊柱后凸畸形的研究进展
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Abstract:
脊柱后凸是一类发病机理十分复杂的疾病，该疾病是由于随着年龄的增长肌肉萎缩以及肌肉附着点相应韧带的松弛肌纤维的张力不够、骨质变得软化，长时间的久坐久站，在地球重力的不断作用下所导致的骨骼畸形。随着疾病的发生和发展，畸形会逐步加剧并导致腰背部疼痛的发生，甚至发生瘫痪，合并有神经功能障碍，保守治疗效果欠佳。随着临床技术的迅猛发展以及人民生活水平的大幅度提高，多采用矫形手术对此进行干预和治疗，以此来改善患者的病情，缓解疼痛，恢复正常的人体脊柱解剖学形态，减轻神经受压迫症状。本文就脊柱后凸畸形的病因及临床表现，后入路经椎弓根椎体截骨术(PSO)的基本方法、适应症及优缺点进行综述。
Kyphosis is a kind of disease with very complex pathogenesis. It is caused by muscle atrophy with age, insufficient tension of muscle fibers corresponding to the muscle attachment point, softening of bone, sitting and standing for a long time, and bone deformities under the constant action of the gravity of the earth. With the occurrence and development of the disease, the deformity will gradually aggravate and lead to the occurrence of back pain, even paralysis, combined with neurological dysfunction, and the effect of conservative treatment is not good. With the rapid development of clinical technology and the substantial improvement of people’s living standards, orthopedic surgery is often used for intervention and treatment to improve the patient’s condition, relieve pain, restore the normal anatomy of the human spine, and relieve the symptoms of nerve compression. This article reviews the etiology and clinical manifestations of kyphosis, and the basic methods, indications, advantages and disadvantages of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO).
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