Supercapacitors as futuristic types of energy storage devices provide numerous benefits, including high power density, stability, environmentally friendliness, and fast charging and discharging speed. The primary objective of this research is to optimize the charge storage mechanism of Iron Oxcide (Fe3O4) nanomaterials with different PVP and glycine concentrations prepared by the sol-gel method. PVP and glycine doping variations the structural characteristics of materials, including modifications in lattice parameters, crystallite size. PVP doping enhances the structural stability and crystallite size of Fe3O4, resulting in bigger nanoparticles with a more continuous shape. In contrast, glycine doping dramatically alters the XRD pattern, indicating improved crystallinity, and significantly boosts electrochemical performance. SEM images show the spherical like shape of the pristine and doped Fe3O4 nanomaterials. Electrochemical characteristics demonstrate how PYP and glycine doping improve the Fe3O4 nanomaterial’s effectiveness as an electrode material for supercapacitors. When glycine is doped in Fe3O4, the specific capacitance rises to 300 Fg？1, while undoped Fe3O4 has 94 Fg？1 at a weep rate of 5 mVs？1. Theoretical analyses by employing Dunn’s model indicate that surface-controlled mechanisms majorly contributed to the charge storage and portion is as high as 75 % at a sweep rate of 40 mVs？1 for glycine doping.
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