Prevalence and Management of Positive HBS Antigen in Pregnant Women and Recently Delivered Women at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes (Mali)

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major public health problems at the national and global levels. The severity of hepatitis B is linked to the risk of becoming chronic and exposing patients to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This risk is all the more important when the infection occurs at an early age, particularly in the case of neonatal contamination [1]. The objective of this work was to study the carriage of HBsAg in pregnant women and recent deliveries at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with prospective collection, which extended over a period of 12 months from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. This study focused on all pregnant women and recent deliveries with positive HBsAg admitted to the obstetrics and gynecology department during the study period. Confidentiality and anonymity were respected. The processing and analysis of statistical data were carried out using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: During the study period, we collected 86 cases of positive HBsAg out of a total of 4956 obstetric admissions, i.e. a frequency of 1.74%. The most represented age group was 20 to 35 years with 74.42%. They were mostly married at 88.38%, not in school at 51.16%, and housewives at 74.41%. In our sample, patients who came by themselves were the most represented with 56.98%. The parturients were in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy at the first prenatal consultation in 47.67% of cases. HBeAg was positive in 14.58% of the patients tested. HBV-HCV coinfection was found in 08.33% of the parturients. HBV-HIV coinfection was found in 02.33% of cases. The viral load was greater than 2000 IU/ml in 13.89% of patients. Pregnant women gave birth vaginally in 82.56% of cases. The APGAR at the first minute was greater than 8 in 85.23% of cases. Ninety point seventy percent of patients did not need tenofovir treatment during pregnancy after their biological assessment. Seventy-one point fifty-nine percent of newborns received ImmunoHBs + hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusion: The results of this work allow us to affirm that the carriage of HBsAg during pregnancy is a reality in our environments. Therefore, screening for HBsAg during pregnancy should imperatively be part of the prenatal assessment.