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不同饵料特性对水层转化期海马摄食行为的影响研究
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Abstract:
为提高海马(5.67 ± 0.12 cm)幼苗在水层转化期的成活率和明确水层转化期幼海马最适规格饵料，本研究运用行为学手段，通过控制不同的饵料特性，揭示海马的摄食行为和偏好选择，为提高海马成活率和饵料开发提供科学数据。本研究共设置不同饵料规格(活卤虫：2215 ± 51.8 μm、5080 ± 83.6 μm、8440 ± 114.1 μm及其组合)和饵料种类(活卤虫、冰鲜糠虾)两个试验。结果显示，通过海马对饵料反应的敏感性及摄食参数的观察，确定最适饵料规格为8440 ± 114.1 μm的活卤虫。比较相同规格下不同种类饵料试验中，活卤虫对饵料敏感性及摄食参数均显著高于冰鲜糠虾。综上，饵料规格和饵料种类对海马的摄食行为均有一定影响；在适宜的饵料规格和种类下，大海马摄食活跃，对饵料敏感度高，摄食成功率显著提高。
In order to improve the survival rate of hippocampi (5.67 ± 0.12 cm) seedlings during the water layer conversion period and determine the optimal bait of young hippocampi during the water layer conversion period, this study used behavioral methods to reveal the ingestive behavior and preference selection of hippocampi by controlling different bait characteristics, so as to provide scientific data for improving the survival rate of hippocampi and bait exploitation. In this study, two experiments were conducted with different bait specifications (live artemia: 2215 ± 51.8 μm, 5080 ± 83.6 μm, 8440 ± 114.1 μm and their combinations) and bait types (live artemia and chilled bran shrimp). The results showed that 8440 ± 114.1 μm of live artemia was the most suitable bait by observing the sensitivity of hippocampi to bait and ingestive parameters. The sensitivity of live artemia to bait and ingestive parameters were significantly higher than those of chilled bran shrimp. In conclusion, the ingestive behavior of hippocampi was affected by both bait specifications and bait types. In the suitable bait specifications and types, the hippocampi were active in ingestion, highly sensitive to bait and the ingestive success rate was significantly improved.
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