2000~2020年齐齐哈尔市土地利用变化分析
Analysis of Land Use Change in Qiqihar from 2000 to 2020

齐齐哈尔位于中国东北地区，地处松嫩平原，土地肥沃，适宜农业生产，生态环境多样，有“世界大湿地，中国鹤家乡”的美称；其土地利用状况广受学界关注。本研究以齐齐哈尔市为研究区域，分析了2000~2020年土地利用情况。通过对土地利用结构变化、动态特征以及类型间转化关系的研究，得出以下主要结论：(1) 耕地是主要土地利用类型，占比约70%，空间分布上呈现出区域差异和集中分布特点。(2) 综合土地利用动态度总体呈上升趋势，2000~2020年期间为0.31%。单一土地利用动态度按绝对值大小排序为水域 > 未利用地 > 草地 > 林地>建设用地 > 耕地。(3) 2000~2020年总转移面积为42246.48km²。林地、草地和水域转入面积小于转出面积，总面积减少；耕地、建设用地和未利用地转入面积大于转出面积，总面积增加。
Qiqihar is located in the northeast of China, located in Songnen Plain, with fertile land, suitable for agricultural production and diverse ecological environment. It is known as “the world’s great wetland, the hometown of cranes in China”. Its land use situation is widely concerned by academic circles. This study takes Qiqihar City as the research area and analyzes the land use situation from 2000 to 2020. Through the research on the change of land use structure, dynamic characteristics and the transformation relationship between types, the following main conclusions are drawn: (1) Cultivated land is the main land use type, accounting for about 70%, and its spatial distribution shows the characteristics of regional differences and centralized distribution. (2) The overall dynamic attitude of comprehensive land use is on the rise, and it is 0.31% from 2000 to 2020. The order of single land use dynamic degree is water area > unused land > grassland > woodland > construction land > cultivated land. (3) The total transfer area from 2000 to 2020 is 42246.48 km². The transfer-in area of forest land, grassland and water area is smaller than the transfer-out area, and the total area is reduced; The transfer-in area of cultivated land, construction land and unused land is larger than the transfer-out area, and the total area increases.