马克思政治经济学视角下人口老龄化对我国经济社会发展的影响
The Impact of Population Aging on China’s Economic and Social Development from the Perspective of Marxist Political Economy

人口老龄化是全球性重大社会问题，尤其在中国，随着老龄化程度持续加深，老年人口数量不断增加，社会负担日益加重，养老、医疗和社会服务等问题愈发突出。这些问题已成为关乎国家经济和社会可持续发展，以及构建和谐社会的重要议题。本文旨在从马克思政治经济学的视角下的生产力与生产关系的矛盾、资本积累与劳动力再生产的矛盾、社会再生产过程的调整三个层面来探究老龄化对经济发展影响，并从技术创新和人才培养、社会保障制度、产业升级和转型三个层面给予相应的对策建议，为研究当代中国的老龄化问题提供了新的理论视角和应对路径，具有深刻的借鉴意义和启发。
Population aging is a major social issue facing the world, especially in China. With the deepening of aging and the increasing number of elderly people, the social burden is constantly increasing, and issues such as elderly care, medical care, and social services for the elderly are becoming increasingly prominent. These issues have become important concerns for the sustainable development of the national economy, society, and the construction of a harmonious society. This article aims to explore the impact of aging on economic development from three levels: the contradiction between productivity and production relations, the contradiction between capital accumulation and labor reproduction, and the adjustment of social reproduction process from the perspective of Marxist political economy. Corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are provided from three levels: technological innovation and talent cultivation, social security system, industrial upgrading and transformation. This provides a new theoretical perspective and response path for studying the aging problem in contemporary China, and has profound reference significance and inspiration.