构建与完善：长期护理保险制度的路径探索与政策优化——基于29个城市的政策文本分析
Constructing and Refining: Exploring the Path and Optimizing Policies of the Long-Term Care Insurance System—A Policy Text Analysis Based on 29 Cities

长期护理保险制度及其相关政策是实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的重要制度安排，但在我国人口老龄化趋势不断加剧的情况下，长期护理保险制度长期处于不确定状态，这将不可避免地增加制度统一的成本和改革阻力，进而衍生出新的风险增长点。从宏观层面，本文回顾了长期护理保险政策从酝酿、推广到实施的过程逻辑，以便更全面地了解长期护理保险在我国的发展历程。从微观层面，分析了国家层面以及29个试点城市的政策文本，以更好地理解各城市在试点过程中如何进行政策扩散和政策创新。最后，为长期护理保险制度在全国范围内的推广提出意见和建议，即扩大制度保障范围、拓展基金保障体系、提升服务供给质量、完善待遇支付体系以及构建绩效监测与评估体系，为建立统一的全国长期护理保险制度做好准备。
The long-term care insurance system and its related policies are an important institutional arrangement for the implementation of the national strategy of actively responding to the aging of the population, but in the case of the increasing trend of population aging in China, the long-term care insurance system is uncertain for a long time, which will inevitably increase the cost of system unification and reform resistance, and then derive new risk growth points. From the macro level, this paper reviews the process logic of long-term care insurance policy from brewing, promotion to implementation, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the development process of long-term care insurance in China. At the micro level, the policy texts at the national level as well as the policy texts of the 29 pilot cities will be analysed in order to better understand how each city is carrying out policy diffusion and policy innovation in the pilot process. Finally, it provides opinions and suggestions for the promotion of the long-term care insurance system nationwide, that is, to expand the scope of system protection, expand the fund guarantee system, improve the quality of service supply system, improve the treatment payment system and build a performance monitoring and evaluation system, and prepare for the establishment of a unified national long-term care insurance system.