墨西哥外商投资中的法律风险与防范措施
Legal Risks and Preventive Measures in Mexican Foreign Investment

随着全球经济一体化的深入发展，墨西哥作为连接北美与拉丁美洲的重要桥梁，对外商投资的吸引力日益增强。本文从墨西哥国内投资法律框架入手，分析宪法、外国投资法及其细则，以及相关配套法律法规；探讨墨西哥参与的国际投资协定，特别是区域投资协定和双边投资协定；分析墨西哥法律体系的特点及其对外商投资的影响；最后，深度分析外商投资中准入阶段、经营阶段、退出阶段的法律风险，并提出进行全面的法律尽职调查、设计投资协议条款、建立法律风险预警机制、合规管理体系建设、提前规划退出方案、外汇风险管理与资金汇回等防范策略，旨在为外商投资者提供实用的法律指导。
With the deepening development of global economic integration, Mexico, as an important bridge connecting North America and Latin America, has become increasingly attractive to foreign investment. This paper starts from Mexico’s domestic investment legal framework, analyzes the constitution, the foreign investment law and its bylaws, as well as the relevant supporting laws and regulations; explores the international investment agreements in which Mexico participates, especially the regional investment agreements and bilateral investment agreements; analyzes the characteristics of the Mexican legal system and its impact on foreign investment; finally, analyzes in depth the legal risks of the access stage, the operation stage, and the exit stage of foreign investment, and proposes preventive strategies such as conducting comprehensive legal due diligence, designing the terms and conditions of the investment agreement, establishing an early warning mechanism for legal risks, constructing a compliance management system, planning the exit program in advance, and managing the risk of foreign exchange and repatriation of funds, etc., with the aim of providing practical legal guidance for foreign investors.