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Nursing Science 2025
老年痴呆症家庭照顾者的社会支持和积极应对的相关性研究
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Abstract:
目的：调查老年痴呆照护者的积极应对方式情况，分析其与社会支持的相关性。方法：采取便利抽样法，运用一般资料调查问卷、社会支持评定量表和简易应对方式量表对九江学院附属医院神经内科及老年科就诊的90名老年痴呆患者家庭照顾者进行问卷调查。使用SPSS26.0软件对资料进行统计分析，方法包括描述性统计分析、非参数t检验、方差分析、Spearman相关分析。结果：本次调查共发放问卷90份，回收90份，有效问卷回收率100%。90例老年痴呆症照护者的社会支持总分为(41.16 ± 9.65)分，其中主观支持总分为(34.08 ± 8.01)分，客观支持总分为(9.40 ± 4.22)分，对社会支持的利用度总分为(9.08 ± 2.70)分；积极应对方式总分为(22.23 ± 8.12)分。结果显示，不同教育程度的照顾者积极应对方式不同(F = 2, P < 0.01)，老年痴呆照护者社会支持总分、主观社会支持、客观社会支持以及社会支持利用度均与积极应对方式呈正相关(r = 0.599, P < 0.01; r = 0.558, P < 0.01; r = 0.481, P < 0.01; r = 0.307, P < 0.01)。结论：本研究发现老年痴呆照护者社会支持与积极应对方式有显著相关性，加强老年痴呆照护者的社会支持，可提高照护者的照顾积极性，改进照顾质量，提供理论依据，可以帮助政府、医疗保健从业人员以及相关的服务行业为这些照护者提供量身定制的支持服务，提高他们的身心健康和照顾质量。同时该领域的研究成果可以丰富并深化老年痴呆照护者研究的相关理论。
Objective: To investigate the coping styles of dementia caregivers and explore their correlation with social support. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to survey 90 family members of dementia patients in the neurological or geriatrics clinics in Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital using a general information questionnaire, a social support rating scale, and a simple coping style scale. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS26.0 software, including descriptive statistical analysis, nonparametric t-test, ANOVA and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: A total of 90 questionnaires were distributed and 90 were recovered, with a 100% recovery rate of valid questionnaires. The total score of social support for the 90 dementia caregivers was 41.16 ± 9.65, of which the total score of subjective support was 34.08 ± 8.01, the total score of objective support was 9.40 ± 4.22, and the total score of utilization of social support was 9.08 ± 2.70; the total score of positive coping styles was 22.23 ± 8.12. The results showed that the positive coping styles of caregivers with different education levels were significantly different (F = 2, P < 0.01). The total score of social support, subjective social support, objective social support and social support utilization of caregivers were positively correlated with positive coping styles of family caregivers of persons with dementia (r = 0.599, P < 0.01; r = 0.558, P < 0.01; r = 0.481, P < 0.01; r = 0.307, P < 0.01). Conclusion: This study found that there was a significant correlation between social support and positive coping styles of Alzheimer’s caregivers. Strengthening social support for
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