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景深延长型人工晶状体的临床应用和影响因素
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Abstract:
白内障是我国目前排名第一的致盲性眼病，白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术是其主要治疗手段。临床上常用的人工晶状体主要可以分为单焦点和多焦点人工晶状体两类。而多焦点、景深延长型及散光矫正型人工晶状体等多种人工晶状体统称为功能性人工晶状体。随着屈光性白内障手术的开展，以及现代生活与工作方式变化的影响，传统的单焦点人工晶状体逐渐无法满足患者对于更广阔视程的需求，因此，功能性人工晶状体的应用越来越普遍。其中景深延长型(EDOF)人工晶状体是一类人工晶状体的总称，根据不同的设计原理具有不同的特性，但基本原理是延长单一的焦点为焦线，从而延长视程。EDOF人工晶状体不仅能够有效提升患者的远视力，还能获得理想的中间视力，增加术后脱镜率。与多焦点人工晶状体相比，EDOF人工晶状体所引发的眩光和光晕的几率较低，从而提供了更为优质的视觉质量。本文将对目前临床上常用的不同设计原理的EDOF人工晶状体、术后效果以及影响术后效果的多种因素进行综述。
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in China, with phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (IOLs) implantation being the primary treatment method. The IOLs used in clinical practice can be broadly categorized into monofocal IOLs and multifocal IOLs. Among these, various IOLs such as multifocal IOLs, extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOLs, and astigmatism-correcting (Toric) IOLs are collectively referred to as functional IOLs. With advancements in refractive cataract surgery and shifts in modern lifestyle and work styles, traditional monofocal IOLs increasingly fail to meet patients’ demands for a broader visual range. Consequently, the use of functional IOLs is becoming increasingly prevalent. EDOF IOLs represent a category of IOLs that exhibit different characteristics based on distinct design principles; however, their fundamental principle involves extending a single focal point into a focal line, thereby broadening the visual range. EDOF IOLs not only significantly enhance patients’ distance visual acuity but also provide satisfactory intermediate visual acuity while improving the rate of spectacle independence. Compared to multifocal IOLs, EDOF IOLs are associated with a lower likelihood of glare and halos, thereby offering superior visual quality. This article will review the various EDOF IOLs commonly employed in clinical practice, their postoperative outcomes, and the diverse factors influencing these outcomes.
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