Legg-Calvé-Perthes病的影像诊断方法
Methods of Imaging Diagnosis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

目的：对用于诊断Legg-Clavé-Perthes病(LCPD)的影像学方法，及不同技术的新进展进行综述。方法：查阅国内外用于诊断LCPD的影像学方法，包括平片、磁共振(MRI)、超声、计算机断层扫描(CT)，以及他们相关新技术的文献。对病变的基本影像学变化进行总结；并阐述不同影像学方法对LCPD探究的新思路。结果：不同的影像学方法对于疾病的诊断具有不同的优势，X线是用于疾病诊断和分期的常用方法；MRI极佳的软组织分辨力，对于股骨头骨骺缺血坏死、滑膜、积液等显示更好；超声操作方便，但对于骨质细节显示欠佳；CT有利于骨质细节的观察。且这些影像技术的新进展对疾病的诊断都提供了更多的影像学信息。结论：X线是临床常用的诊断方法；MRI在疾病诊断、预后评估、疗效监测等方法可以为临床提供更多的影像学信息。
Objective: To review the imaging methods used to diagnose Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) and recent advancements in various techniques. Methods: We reviewed domestic and international literature on imaging methods used for diagnosing Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD), including plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and their related new technologies. We summarized the basic radiological changes of the lesion and elaborated on the new perspectives for exploring LCPD offered by different imaging methods. Results: Different imaging methods offer distinct advantages in disease diagnosis. X-ray is commonly used for disease diagnosis and staging. MRI, with its excellent soft tissue resolution, provides better visualization of femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis, synovium, and joint effusion. Ultrasound is convenient to perform, but it lacks detail in displaying bone structures. CT is beneficial for observing detailed bone anatomy. These recent advancements in imaging techniques have provided more imaging information for disease diagnosis. Conclusions: X-ray remains a prevalent diagnostic tool in clinical settings. However, MRI can provide more extensive imaging information useful for diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.