论余华小说《文城》中人物的悲剧性
On the Tragic Nature of Characters in Yu Hua’s Novel “The Town of Wen”

《文城》作为余华先锋派文学的又一力作，不仅继承了前作的风格，更在创新上有所突破。在该作品中，作者巧妙地将命运的苦难与人物形象及情节发展相结合，无论是个体的苦难还是整体的悲剧，都深刻地描绘了时代的伤痕。尽管如此，作品中亦不乏黑暗中的光明，生命意识在细节中得以彰显。特别值得注意的是，本书大量融入了中国传统文化元素，并展现了南北方文化差异的碰撞与融合，传统情义观的描绘也传承了中华文化的精髓。通过对余华作品的学术研究进行梳理，可以发现，尽管当前学界对余华作品的关注度较高，但研究焦点多集中在“暴力与死亡”、“复仇主题”等方面，而对余华作品中“苦难命运”的探讨相对较少。本文旨在通过对《文城》中整体与个体苦难的深入分析，探讨苦难命运的描述及其形成机制，以期让读者在余华的叙述中体验到“诗性”与“正义”的深刻内涵。
“The Town of Wen” is another masterpiece of Yu Hua’s avant-garde literature, which not only inherits the style of his previous works but also makes breakthroughs in innovation. In this work, the author skillfully combines the suffering of fate with the characters and the development of the plot. Whether it’s individual suffering or overall tragedy, it profoundly depicts the scars of the era. Despite this, the work is also full of light in the darkness, with the consciousness of life being highlighted in the details. It is particularly noteworthy that the book incorporates a large number of traditional Chinese cultural elements and showcases the collision and integration of cultural differences between the north and south, as well as the depiction of traditional concepts of loyalty and righteousness, which also inherits the essence of Chinese culture. However, most of the research focuses on “violence and death” and “revenge”, while Yu Hua’s works focus on suffering “Fate” is comparatively less discussed. The purpose of this paper is to explore the description of the fate of suffering through an in-depth analysis of the overall and individual sufferings in Wencheng and its formation mechanism, in order to allow readers to experience the profound connotation of “poetry” and “justice” in Yu Hua’s narrative.