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Sema3F作用在神经元上引起改变的下游因子
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Abstract:
信号素(Semaphorin)作为一组多功能的蛋白质，占据神经系统功能发育的关键，包括对调节突触形成和神经元的生长的同时，还参与调控细胞周期、影响细胞形态的转变，以及在肿瘤学中，它们能够影响肿瘤细胞的生长、侵袭和转移，以及在免疫反应中发挥作用。信号素(Semaphorin, SEMA)是一类分泌型、膜结合型或糖磷脂酰肌醇锚定的糖蛋白，与神经发育、轴突引导、骨分化、心血管系统以及癌症等相关。Sema3F (Semaphorin 3F)是信号素家族轴突引导分子的一种分泌型，参与神经元的发育。Sema3F及其受体神经纤毛蛋白-2在胚胎小鼠大脑区域(包括嗅球、海马体和大脑皮层)中以互斥方式表达。Sema3F作用在神经元上，可引起下游因子的改变，包括CREBBP、CREB、VEGF等，能够下调P53表达、影响GABA能系统、下调RacGTP水平、促进CRMP2磷酸化等。本文通过综述的方法，对Sema3F在神经元下游因子进行叙述，为研究Sema3F在神经元中的功能提供帮助。
Semaphorin, as a group of multifunctional proteins, plays a crucial role in the functional development of the nervous system. It not only regulates synapse formation and the growth of neurons but also participates in the regulation of the cell cycle, influences the transformation of cell morphology. Moreover, in oncology, it can affect the growth, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells and also plays a role in immune responses. Semaphorin (SEMA) is a type of secreted, membrane-bound or glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein, which is related to neural development, axon guidance, bone differentiation, the cardiovascular system and cancer, etc. Sema3F, a secreted form of the axon guidance molecules in the Semaphorin family, is involved in the development of neurons. Sema3F and its receptor neuropilin-2 are expressed in a mutually exclusive manner in the brain regions (including the olfactory bulb, hippocampus and cerebral cortex) of embryonic mice. When Sema3F acts on neurons, it can cause changes in downstream factors, including CREBBP, CREB, VEGF, etc. It can downregulate the expression of P53, affect the GABAergic system, downregulate the level of RacGTP and promote the phosphorylation of CRMP2, etc. Through the method of review, this article describes the downstream factors of Sema3F in neurons, aiming to provide assistance for the research on the functions of Sema3F in neurons.
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