论日语指示词的汉译——以“コ”、“ソ”和“这”的对译为中心
A Study on the Chinese Translation of Japanese Demonstratives—Focusing on the Correspondence between “コ”, “ソ” and “Zhe”

日语指示词可分为近指、中指和远指三类，分别对应“コ·ソ·ア”系列。与日语的三分体系不同，汉语指示词一般是近指和远指的两分体系。这种差异使得日语和汉语指示词在翻译过程中难以简单地一一对应，常出现不对称现象。本文以芥川龙之介的短篇小说《地狱变》和《罗生门》为语料，将中日指示词分为指代人或事物、时间、场所三大类，通过对比分析两种语言指示词在具体语境中的使用特点，总结出其翻译规律及特征，这不仅为理解中日词义差异提供了新视角，也为日汉指示词翻译提供实践参考。
Japanese demonstratives are classified into three categories: proximal, medial, and distal, corresponding to the “コ·ソ·ア” series. In contrast, Chinese demonstratives typically adhere to a binary distinction between proximal and distal references. This structural difference makes it challenging to establish one-to-one correspondence in translation, which often leads to asymmetrical translations. This paper takes the short novels Hell Screen and Rashōmon written by Akutagawa Ryūnosuke as the corpus, classifying Chinese and Japanese demonstratives into three major categories three categories: those referring to people or objects, time, and location. It summarises the translation rules and characteristics of the two languages by comparing and analysing the usage characteristics of the two languages’ demonstratives in specific contexts. The contribution of this study is not only to provide new perspectives for understanding the differences between Chinese and Japanese lexical meanings, but also to provide practical references for Japanese-Chinese demonstrative translations.