现代中西医治疗甲状腺功能减退的现状及研究进展
The Current Situation and Research Progress of Modern Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism

甲减是一种与甲状腺病变相关的常见疾病，是由于甲状腺激素缺乏，生理作用不足，引起机体代谢能力下降。原发性甲减(PH)是临床上最常见的疾病，其发生率高达90%。由于女性容易受到情绪、外部环境等因素的影响，女性的发病率较男性高。一般伴有月经周期不规律，月经量少，性腺功能减退，甚至是闭经，不孕不育。当病人的甲状腺功能下降时，其性激素水平也会发生变化。甲减已成为危害妇女健康的一大隐患，极大地降低了妇女的生活质量。西医学认为，下丘脑–垂体–性腺功能障碍是导致女性原发性甲减发生的重要原因。现代医学的治疗方法就是补充甲状腺激素，使甲状腺激素水平恢复正常，从而达到改善甲状腺功能的目的。中医是祖国传统医学的重要组成部分，甲减属“瘿病”，“虚劳”，“水肿”范畴。本文就甲减的中西医治疗进展进行综述，为此病的防治提供参考。
Hypothyroidism is a common disease related to thyroid lesions, which is caused by a lack of thyroid hormones and insufficient physiological effects, leading to a decrease in the body’s metabolic capacity. Primary hypothyroidism (PH) is the most common disease in clinical practice, with an incidence rate of up to 90%. Because women are vulnerable to emotional, external environment and other factors, the incidence rate of women is higher than that of men. Usually accompanied by irregular menstrual cycles, low menstrual flow, decreased gonadal function, and even amenorrhea and infertility. When a patient’s thyroid function declines, their sex hormone levels also change. Hypothyroidism has become a major hidden danger to women’s health, greatly reducing their quality of life. Western medicine believes that hypothalamic pituitary gonadal dysfunction is an important cause of primary hypothyroidism in women. The modern medical treatment method is to supplement thyroid hormones to restore normal thyroid hormone levels, thereby achieving the goal of improving thyroid function. Traditional Chinese medicine is an important component of traditional Chinese medicine, and hypothyroidism belongs to the categories of “gall disease”, “deficiency fatigue” and “edema”. This article reviews the progress of traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment for hypothyroidism, providing reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease.