Displaced and Disrupted: The Impact of War on Lebanese Prisons

Background: Lebanon is facing a multifaceted crisis marked by political instability, economic collapse, and ongoing armed conflict, which has profoundly affected its prison system. This crisis has led to severe overcrowding, deteriorating conditions, and disruptions to essential services, particularly impacting prisoners’ well-being and the ability of prison staff to manage the system. Aim: This paper examines the impact of Lebanon’s crisis on its prison system, with a specific focus on the displacement of prisoners due to escalated conflict, challenges related to overcrowding, healthcare, and mental health, and the responses from both state and non-governmental organizations. Methods: The research analyzes the challenges faced by both prisoners and prison staff, drawing on case studies and reports of the response from the Internal Security Forces (ISF), including evacuation efforts and emergency assistance provided. Additionally, the role of non-governmental organizations in supporting prisoner release initiatives is explored. Findings: The study reveals that the Lebanese prison system is overwhelmed by overcrowding, inadequate healthcare, and limited mental health support for detainees and staff. Displacement of prisoners due to conflict and the lack of resources further exacerbate these challenges. The ISF’s efforts, alongside the intervention of non-governmental organizations, have provided some relief but highlight the need for a more structured, national response. Implications: The paper calls for the establishment of a comprehensive national disaster plan for prisons, emphasizing the need for improved emergency preparedness, enhanced inter-agency collaboration, and robust mental health support systems for both prisoners and staff. The findings also aim to contribute to the development of effective strategies for safeguarding detainees’ rights and well-being during crises in volatile environments like Lebanon.