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Medical Diagnosis 2025
尘肺病诊断的研究进展
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Abstract:
尘肺病作为一种因劳动者在生产作业过程中吸入生产性粉尘而引发的肺组织弥漫性纤维化病症，有矽肺、煤工尘肺等12种类型，在我国属于极为严重的职业病范畴。近年来发达国家尘肺病的发病率与死亡数据呈现下降态势，但中国尘肺病依旧是职业健康范畴内亟待攻克的关键难题。尘肺病的诊断和早期筛查对于防治至关重要，有助于及时采取干预措施，减缓病程进展，降低致残率。文章对尘肺病影像学发展和早期生物标志物的探索及可能面临的挑战做出一个总结，为未来尘肺病影像学及辅助诊断技术研究方向提供参考依据。
Pneumoconiosis, characterized by diffuse pulmonary fibrosis resulting from occupational dust inhalation, encompasses 12 subtypes, including silicosis and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis. It is categorized as a severe occupational disease in China. Although developed countries have observed a decline in pneumoconiosis incidence and mortality rates, the condition continues to pose a significant challenge in China’s occupational health sector. Early diagnosis and screening are essential for the prevention and management of pneumoconiosis, enabling prompt intervention, disease progression mitigation, and disability rate reduction. This paper reviews advancements in imaging methodologies and the identification of early biomarkers for pneumoconiosis, as well as discusses the challenges encountered to inform future research in the field of pneumoconiosis imaging and diagnostic technologies.
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