语气副词“难道说”的主观性和主观化
The Subjectivity and Subjectivization of the Modal Adverb “Nan Dao Shuo”

语气副词“难道说”具有反问和揣测两种语气表达功能，在交际中充分展现了说话人的视角、情感与认识，表现出主观性特征。从历时角度来看，“说”的范畴特征减少，难道 + (说 + NP + VP) → 难道说 + (NP + VP)的重新分析过程反映了“难道说”主观化的历时演变。引起这一主观化历程的因素主要包括：“难道说”与“说”的原始言说意义相联系，“难道说”与其后续成分体现非现实情态。
The modal adverb “Nan Dao Shuo” has two intonational expression functions: rhetorical question and speculation, and fully demonstrates the speaker’s perspective, emotion and cognition in communication, showing subjective characteristics. From the perspective of time, the category feature of “Shuo” is reduced, and the reanalysis process of Nan Dao + (Shuo + NP + VP) → Nan Dao Shuo + (NP + VP) reflects the time evolution of the subjectivization of “Nan Dao Shuo”. The main factors contributing to this process of subjectivization include: the linkage of “Nan Dao Shuo” to the original discursive meaning of “Shuo”, and the fact that “Nan Dao Shuo” and its subsequent constituents embody unrealistic moods.