我国内地食品召回机制的完善路径研究
Study on the Improvement Path of the Food Recall Mechanism in Mainland China

食品安全直接关系人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础，影响人民的身体健康，频发的食品安全事故暴露出我国应急机制的问题。有关食品召回程序细节的漏洞是召回机制产生实践困境的根本因素。现存制度规范存在召回等级不明确、召回计划未设置有效性验证、未将生产者与经营者未细化解释等问题，使召回机制在应对食品安全事件和紧急情况时无法有效控制风险。建立明确有效的召回机制是应对食安灾害不可回避的关键问题，将域外经验与我国实际相结合，从增设模拟食品召回程序、有条件的经营者义务豁免、建立详细的召回结束标准三方面入手，填补我国食品安全法中的空白，使其与国际发展接轨。
Food safety is directly related to the material foundation on which human beings rely for survival and development, affecting people’s health, and frequent food safety accidents have exposed the problems of China’s emergency response mechanism. The loopholes concerning the details of food recall procedures are the fundamental factors that produce practical dilemmas in the recall mechanism. Existing institutional norms have problems such as unclear recall levels, failure to set up validity verification of recall plans, and failure to explain producers and operators in detail, making the recall mechanism unable to effectively control risks when responding to food safety incidents and emergencies. The establishment of a clear and effective recall mechanism is a key issue that cannot be avoided in responding to food safety disasters. By combining extra-territorial experience with China’s actual situation, we can fill the gaps in China’s food safety law and bring it into line with international developments by adding a simulated food recall procedure, conditional exemptions from the obligations of the operator, and the establishment of a detailed end-of-recall standard.