This study examines the projected impacts of climate change on U.S. agriculture by 2050, highlighting significant spatial and sectoral variations in agricultural productivity and economic implications for rural communities. The analysis reveals that all U.S. regions are expected to experience temperature increases, with the Southwest facing the most substantial changes. Precipitation patterns will vary, leading to an increased frequency of extreme weather events. The Southwest and Southeast are projected to suffer the most severe productivity declines, while the Northeast and Pacific Northwest may see slight gains. Crop-specific impacts indicate substantial yield reductions for wheat, corn, and soybeans, with potential increases for cotton. Economic consequences include changes in rural incomes, employment, and food prices. The study identifies precision agriculture as the most effective adaptation strategy, alongside conservation tillage and crop diversification. Policy recommendations emphasize region-specific adaptation plans, investment in climate-smart technologies, and support for farm diversification. The findings underscore the need for targeted policies and continued research to enhance the resilience of U.S. agriculture and maintain global competitiveness.
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