围栏封育对我国退化草地群落结构特征影响的Meta分析
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Fencing Enclosures on Community Structure Characteristics of Degraded Grassland in China

随着我国草地退化问题日益严重，各地采取围栏封育等措施推动草地恢复。因此，研究围封年限对草地生态系统的影响，有助于科学调整封育时长，提高草地可持续管理水平。本研究通过Meta分析，基于41篇中英文文献，探讨了不同封育年限(0~6年、7~12年、13~18年、19~24年、>25年)对不同类型草地生态系统群落特征的影响。结果表明，围栏封育对草地恢复总体具有积极作用。封育后，地下生物量和高度的增长率最大，分别增加172.62%和115.19%；地上生物量增加19.37%；香农–维纳多样性指数增加22.8%；丰富度指数增加4.75%；优势度指数增加18.9%；均匀度指数增加32.19%。随着封育时间的延长，各项指标和群落物种组成发生变化。短期围封(1~12年)尤其对我国草地生产力恢复和物种多样性维护至关重要。
With the increasing severity of grassland degradation in China, fencing enclosures have been widely implemented to promote grassland restoration. Investigating the effects of enclosure duration on grassland ecosystems is crucial for optimizing enclosure periods and enhancing sustainable grassland management. This study employed a meta-analysis based on 41 Chinese and English publications to evaluate the impacts of different enclosure durations (0~6 years, 7~12 years, 13~18 years, 19~24 years, >25 years) on the community characteristics of various grassland ecosystem types. The results demonstrate that fencing enclosures generally have positive effects on grassland restoration. Following enclosure, belowground biomass and plant height exhibited the highest growth rates, increasing by 172.62% and 115.19%, respectively. Aboveground biomass increased by 19.37%; the Shannon-Wiener diversity index by 22.8%; the species richness index by 4.75%; the dominance index by 18.9%; and the evenness index by 32.19%. Over time, these indices and community species composition showed notable changes. Short-term enclosures (1~12 years) were particularly critical for restoring productivity and maintaining species diversity in China’s grasslands.