The small-scale fishing sector in Liberia is essential for food security, livelihoods, and cultural legacy, however, it is becoming increasingly susceptible to the effects of climate change. This research examines the significance of Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) in the adaptive strategies of small-scale fishing communities in West Point, Marshall, and the St. Paul River fishing zone. This research used the Theory of Planned Behavior framework to analyze the attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control affecting fishers’ adoption of climate adaptation techniques. Data were collected through cross-sectional research comprising 384 respondents and analyzed via qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The findings indicate that 58% of participants were male, whilst 42% were female, with 39% of both sexes lacking formal schooling. Climate change awareness correlates positively with educational attainment; 74% of individuals lacking formal education are aware of climate change, but 100% of those possessing higher education are aware. Local knowledge is essential for adaptation methods, with 48% of respondents implementing coping mechanisms such as relocating to new fishing zones, expanding fishing equipment, and pursuing alternative livelihoods like agriculture and small-scale enterprises. The research emphasizes the implementation of various coping methods, such as alternative livelihoods and community-oriented adaptation initiatives. Although local knowledge is acknowledged, opinions regarding its efficacy in comprehensively safeguarding small-scale fisheries from climate change are varied. The study advocates for the amalgamation of indigenous knowledge with empirical research, the enhancement of education and awareness, and the promotion of varied coping methods to foster resilience within small-scale fishing. These findings offer significant insights for policymakers and stakeholders in formulating comprehensive adaptation strategies to tackle the distinct problems encountered by small-scale fisheries.
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