碳汇认购司法适用现实困境与完善路径
Practical Difficulties and Improvement Paths in the Judicial Application of Carbon Sequestration Subscription

鉴于“双碳”战略的提出及碳排放权交易体系的推进，地方法院探索出一种在生态环境资源案件中，通过购买碳汇作为生态修复手段的新模式，进而构建了“生态司法 + 碳汇”的运作框架。此举旨在应对司法实践中面临的“种树无地”及责任方修复能力不足等挑战。然而，若未能清晰界定此机制的适用要求，则可能促使司法实践中对该责任承担方式的过度依赖或不当使用，导致“以买代罚”，从而引发各种风险。因而，有必要开展深入的理论研究，从现状考察入手，依次分析其在项目选择、适用范围、资金使用和二次交易风险方面存在的问题，并做出规范化的路径选择。
In view of the proposal of the “dual carbon” strategy and the promotion of the carbon emission trading system, local courts have explored a new model of using the purchase of carbon sinks as a means of ecological restoration in ecological and environmental resource cases, and thus constructed an operational framework of “ecological justice + carbon sink”. This move aims to address the challenges faced in judicial practice, such as “planting trees without land” and insufficient repair capabilities of responsible parties. However, if the applicable requirements of this mechanism are not clearly defined, it may lead to excessive reliance or improper use of the responsibility bearing method in judicial practice, resulting in “buying instead of punishment” and triggering various risks. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth theoretical research, starting from the investigation of the current situation, analyzing the problems in project selection, scope of application, fund utilization, and secondary transaction risks, and making standardized path choices.