基于多源流理论的《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》政策分析
Policy Analysis of the “Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Implementing the National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Program” Based on Multi-Source Flow Theory

过去中小学教师队伍的建设主要依靠师范院校师范专业培养的师范生，但随着我国进入中国特色社会主义新时代，对中小学教师队伍的质量提出了新要求，基于此出台了一系列政策，其中较为特殊的是《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》，它秉持“以优培优”的理念，开启了“双一流”高校培养高素质研究生学历教师的新尝试。文章基于多源流理论的分析框架，发现在党中央尊师重教的执政理念下，中小学教师队伍学历水平远落后于发达国家为问题源流，不同专家学者提出了政策方案构成政策源流，在特殊的政策之窗时机开启时，催生了《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》的出台。
In the past, the construction of the teaching staff in primary and secondary schools mainly relied on the training of normal students in normal universities. However, as China enters a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, new requirements have been put forward for the quality of the teaching staff in primary and secondary schools. Based on this, a series of policies have been introduced, among which the “Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Implementing the National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Plan” is particularly special. It adheres to the concept of “cultivating excellence with excellence” and has opened up a new attempt for “Double First Class” universities to cultivate high-quality graduate degree teachers. Based on the analysis framework of multi-source flow theory, the article finds that under the governance concept of respecting teachers and valuing education of the Party Central Committee, the educational level of primary and secondary school teachers lags far behind that of developed countries as the problem source. Different experts and scholars have proposed policy plans to form the policy source. When a special policy window opened, it gave rise to the issuance of the “Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Implementing the National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Plan”.